You’ve read about L-carnitine and acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR). How do you know which one to use?
◆︎ What are they?
L-carnitine is an amino acid which can be created from lysine and methionine. It is only made in the liver, kidneys, and brain. Acetyl L-carnitine is L-carnitine that has been modified with an acetyl group.
◆︎ L-carnitine
L-carnitine is useful to transport long-chain fatty acids across the inner membrane of the mitochondria, where they can be oxidized for energy. Using fats for energy is a way to provide the cell with energy without raising insulin levels. L-carnitine facilitates this process.
Long-chain fatty acids cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane without L-carnitine. L-carnitine shuttles the long-chain fatty acid into the mitochondria.
Use this when:
➡ You want the horse to burn long-chain fatty acids instead of glucose to help keep insulin levels down.
➡ You want to provide energy from fatty acids for hard work or endurance.
➡ You want to aid in the recovery from hard work.
➡ Your horse is on the SGLT2 inhibitors (the *-flozin
drugs). The protocol is discussed here.
➡ You want to help your horse’s energy utilization that has PSSM.
◆︎ Acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR)
ALCAR is l-carnitine with an added acetyl group to it. The acetyl group modifies its functions.
Functions affecting the nervous system
The brain and spinal cord
➡ ALCAR may be neuroprotective.
➡ ALCAR may modulate neurotransmitters that are responsible for improved learning and attention, motivation, and reduction in the perception of pain.
Peripheral nervous system
☛ Improves functioning of the neuro-muscular junction
☛ May modulate transmission of the pain response
☛ May improve the clinical signs of neuropathic pain.
Functions affecting cellular response
➡ ALCAR promotes the creation of new mitochondria.
➡ It also is implicated in the repair and replacement of old or damaged mitochondria.
➡ ALCAR is an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory.
➡ ALCAR may improve insulin sensitivity.
◆︎ In a nutshell:
➡ Consider L-carnitine when you want to use long-chain fatty acids for energy for muscle metabolism, instead of glucose.
➡ Consider acetyl L-carnitine when
☛ you want to increase the number of mitochondria in the cells,
☛ you want to improve neurotransmission,
☛ you want to address neuropathic pain.
Do you have a special photo or story that you’d like to share? Email to sales@mybesthorse.com
Disclaimer: Statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition.
©Joan Kulifay, MSc. 2025